منابع مشابه
Great exaptations
Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) are among the most successful parasitic genetic sequences in higher organisms. Recent work has discovered many instances of LINE incorporation into exons, reminding us of the hazards they pose to genes in their vicinity as well as their potential to be co-opted for the host's purposes.
متن کاملMinireview Great exaptations
Picking up LINEs The genomes of higher organisms are littered with repetitive sequence elements, and evidence for how this came to be is accumulating through a combination of bench work and bioinformatics. Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs or L1s) are retrotransposons that have generated integrated DNA copies of themselves through RNA intermediates. Intact L1 RNAs encode two proteins, O...
متن کاملAdaptations, exaptations, and spandrels.
Adaptation and natural selection are central concepts in the emerging science of evolutionary psychology. Natural selection is the only known causal process capable of producing complex functional organic mechanisms. These adaptations, along with their incidental by-products and a residue of noise, comprise all forms of life. Recently, S. J. Gould (1991) proposed that exaptations and spandrels ...
متن کاملHow exaptations facilitated photosensory evolution: Seeing the light by accident.
Exaptations are adaptations that have undergone a major change in function. By recruiting genes from sources originally unrelated to vision, exaptation has allowed for sudden and critical photosensory innovations, such as lenses, photopigments, and photoreceptors. Here we review new or neglected findings, with an emphasis on unicellular eukaryotes (protists), to illustrate how exaptation has sh...
متن کاملWhat makes great boards great.
In the wake of meltdowns at WorldCom, Tyco, and Enron, enormous attention has been focused on the companies' boards. It seems inconceivable that business disasters of such magnitude could happen without gross or even criminal negligence on the part of board members. And yet a close examination of those boards reveals no broad pattern of incompetence or corruption. In fact, they followed most of...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Biology
سال: 2008
ISSN: 1475-4924
DOI: 10.1186/jbiol66